St Justin, the philosopher, 167. St Pamphilius, priest and martyr, 309. St Caprias, abbot, 430. St Peter of Pisa, founder of the Hermits of St Jerome, 1435.
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Born. – Nicolas Poussin, painter, 1594, Andely, in Normandy.
Died. – Henry Dandolo, doge of Venice, 1205, bur. in St Sophia, Constantinople; Jerome of Prague, religious reformer, burnt at Constance, 1416; James Gillray,1 caricaturist, 1815, London; Sir David Wilkie, artist, died at sea off Gibraltar 1841; Pope Gregory XVI. 1846.
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1 Gillray is a Highland name, meaning Ruddy Lad; but it is found in the south of Scotland. The writer remembers a family of the name in a county adjacent to Lanarkshire.
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On this Day in Other Sources.
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[Jocelin] was consecrated [bishop of Glasgow Cathedral] at Clairvaux on the 1st of June 1175. Like his predecessors, he resisted the encroachment of York, and obtained from the Pope, who favoured the Cistercian order, a command that the bishops of Scotland should yield no obedience to the Archbishop of York, notwithstanding that Henry of England had compelled them to swear obedience to the Anglican Church.
– Sketches, pp.29-70.
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The name of this place [Craigmillar Castle] occurs pretty early in the national records, in a charter of mortification, in Haddington’s collections, granted in the reign of Alexander II. A.D. 1212, by William, son of Henry de Craigmillar; by which he gives, in pure and perpetual alms, to the church and monastery of Dunfermline, a certain toft of land in Craigmillar, in the southern part, which leads from the town of Nidreif to the church of Libberton, which Henry de Edmonton holds of him. Craigmillar afterwards became the property of John de Capella, from whom it was purchased by Sir Simon Preston in 1374. William, a successor to Sir Simon, was a member of the parliament which met at Edinburgh June 1, 1478. He had the title of Domine de Craig-Miller. This castle continued in the possession of the Prestons almost three hundred years; during which time that family held the highest offices in the magistracy of Edinburgh.
– Scotland Illustrated, pp.75-76.
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This year, likewise, the first of June [1485], [Matthias Corvinus], King of Hungary, takes Vienna, the chief town of Austria, notwithstanding all that the Emperor Frederick [III.] could do to the contrary.
– Historical Works, pp.189-214.
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The lands of Ettrick were granted to Queen Margaret on 1st June, 1503,1 and I have no doubt it was in that year that the reconstruction of the east end of [Melrose] abbey was begun.
– Scots Lore, pp.341-364.
1 Bain’s Calendar IV. 1714. Newark Castle was assigned to her on 24th May, 1503. Ibid. Iv. 1706. I may add here that Margaret of Denmark, queen of James III., was granted the lordship of the forrest of Ettrick and tower and manor of Newerk in 1473. Acts Parl. Scot. ii. 189. The connection of the queens of Scotland with Melrose Abbey was most intimate.
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As acting sheriff [John Morow/Murray] gave Queen Margaret sasine of Newark Castle and her dower lands of Ettrick, on 1st June, 1503.
– Scots Lore, pp.364-374.
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Elizabeth found what, no doubt, irritated such a temper as hers that her wisdom, her artifices, and her arms, were unable to save the guilty Morton, from the punishment, that was due to his crimes. She sent Randolph to Edinburgh, to use his accustomed arts. She directed a body of troops, to approach the frontiers of Scotland. Randolph bearded the King, and his council: But, they remained firm. He cajoled the nobles; who were not captivated. He preached to the Estates; laying before them some letters which were attributed to Lennox; and which Elizabeth’s ministers said they had intercepted, though the better opinion was, that they had forged them, for the occasion, of charging him, with promoting the invasion of England. And, Randolph used every artifice, to make an impression, in favour of the guilty Morton, till finding, at length, that he himself was not quite safe, at Edinburgh, this corrupt agent, privately, withdrew to Berwick. On the 1st of June 1581, Morton was convicted, by the assize, of murdering the late king. On the morrow, he was executed, by decapitation, for that heinous offence; as there was no doubt of his guilt, which he indeed acknowledged. The wretch died with falsehood, in his throat. The execution of Morton made a great impression upon Elizabeth; as she felt, that she had thus lost her agent, with her influence, in that kingdom, which she had reduced to dependence, by her artifices. In this manner, died, by a stroke of justice, the last of the great complotters, for the death of Darnley. But, though the Queen of Scots knew nothing of the prosecution, which brought this guilty miscreant to the block; yet, did Elizabeth avenge his fate, with a perversity, peculiar to herself, on her unfortunate captive.
– Life of Mary, pp.260-274.
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On the birth of a prince, afterwards Charles II., on the 29th of May, the Lord Lyon king-at-arms was dispatched by Charles from London, where he chanced to be, with orders to carry the news to Scotland. He reached Edinburgh on the 1st of June [1630], and the loyal joy of the people burst forth with great effusiveness. The batteries of the Castle thundered forth a royal salute; bells rang and bonfires blazed, and a table was spread in the High Street that extended half its entire length, from the Cross to the Tron, whereat the nobility, Privy Council, and Judges, sat down to dinner, the heralds in their tabards and the royal trumpeters being in attendance.
– Old and New Edinburgh, pp.198-203.
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On the birth of the prince, afterwards Charles II., which took place between eleven and twelve this forenoon, the Lyon King at Arms was despatched by the king from London to carry the news to Scotland. The Lyon arrived in Edinburgh on the third day thereafter, June 1st [1630], when immediately cannon were shot, bells rung, and a table spread in the High Street, between the cross and the Tron, for two hundred persons, including the nobility, Privy Council, and judges, the company being waited on by the heralds and trumpeters in their official dress. – Bal.
– Domestic Annals, pp.228-256.
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Graham of Claverhouse on 1 June, 1679, wrote an account of the battle of Drumclog which describes how the royal troops on coming in sight of the covenanters “found them drawen up in batell upon a most advantageous ground to which there was no coming but through mosses.” They “had set away all there wemen and shildring: they consisted of four bataillons of foot all well armed with fusese and pitchforks and thre squadrons of horse.” Then he goes on to explain in a straightforward fashion how the fusees and pitchforks came to have the best of it in the encounter.
– Scots Lore, pp.330-335.
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At length, in August 1691, the king [William III.] issued an indemnity, promising pardon to all that had been in arms against him before the 1st of June last, provided they should come in any time before the 1st of January next year, and swear and sign the oath of allegiance.
– Domestic Annals, pp.342-354.
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And, to the Intent that no Person or Persons whatsoever, who shall be convicted by any civil Magistrate, or Court of Judicature, within that Part of Great Britain called Scotland, of any Crime, importing a Capital or any other Corporal Punishment, may be grieved by the over hasty Execution of such Sentence, without allowing Time for Application to His Majesty, or to His Heirs and Successors, for His or Their gracious Pardon; Be it Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That, from and after the First Day of June, One thousand seven hundred and twenty five, no Sentence or Judgment of any Civil Magistrate, or Court of Judicature, importing a Capital or any Corporal Punishment, if pronounced in Edinburgh, or any other Part of Scotland to the Southward of the Frith, or River of Forth, shall be put to Execution within less than Thirty Days after the Date of such Sentence; and if pronounced in any Place to the Northward of the said Frith, or River of Forth, shall be put to Execution within less than Forty Days after the Date of such Sentence: Provided nevertheless, that nothing herein contained shall hinder or disable the Courts of Judicature, or any other Civil Magistrate within Scotland, to commit to Gaol, and detain in Custody, in order to Trial, or in order to the Execution of Sentences, as they by Law might have done before the making of this Act.
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And whereas it is found by Experience, that the Sums, for which Bail is to be taken on any Criminal Information, in that Part of Great Britain called Scotland, in pursuance of the Act of Parliament made there in the Year One thousand seven hundred and one, Entituled, An Act for preventing wrongous Imprisonment, and against undue Delays in Trials, are too small and disproportioned to the danger of the Criminals escaping from the Punishment appointed by Law, extending no higher than to the Sum of Six thousand Merks for a Nobleman, Three thousand Merks for a landed Gentleman, One thousand Merks for any other Gentleman or Burgess, and Three hundred Merks, all Money of Scotland, for any other inferior Person; Be it therefore Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That, from and after the First Day of June, One thousand seven hundred and twenty five, it may and shall be lawful to and for all, and every Magistrate, Judge, and Court of Judicature within Scotland, who, by the said Act above recited, were, in case of Criminal Informations and Accusations, directed to limit the Bail by them to be taken to the several and respective Sums above mentioned, to extend the Bail to be given in the said several and respective Cases to double the Sums provided by the aforesaid Act, if he or they, upon the Circumstances of the Case, shall think fit.
– George I, 11th Year, Chapter 26, 1724.
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Earl of Finlater made a motion, that some day might be appointed to consider the state of the nation; whereupon the Lords appointed the 1st of June, when all the Lords in town were summoned. Between one and two o’clock the debate began, opened by the Earl of Finlater, who represented the grievances of the Scottish nation, and concluded by moving, ‘That leave be given to bring in a Bill for dissolving the said union, and securing the Protestant succession to the house of Hanover, the Queen’s prerogative in both kingdoms, and preserving an entire unity and good correspondence between the two kingdoms.’ The debate which followed is curious and interesting; and on the question being put on the Earl of Finlater’s motion, the same was carried in the negative by four voices, there being 54 lords present on each side, and 17 proxies for the negative and only 13 for the affirmative.
– Morning Chronicle, Monday 17th July, 1843.
– Treaty of Union Articles, 1800-1850.
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The idea appears to have occurred six years after the Union had taken place, when the Earl of Finlater moved in the United Parliament a bill for its repeal. His lordship, on the 1st of June, 1713, introduced his motion by a speech representing the grievances of the Scotch nation, and concluded by moving, ‘That leave be given to bring in a bill for dissolving the said Union, and securing the Protestant succession to the House of Hanover, the Queen’s prerogative in both kingdoms, and preserving the entire unity and good correspondence between the two kingdoms.’ After an interesting and animated debate, Lord Finlater’s motion was supported by 54 peers, and opposed by 54; there were 17 proxies for the negative, and only 13 for the affirmative; so that the motion was defeated by the small majority of four peers.
– Dublin Weekly Nation, Saturday 25th November, 1871.
– Treaty of Union Articles, How Much of a Blessing has the Union been for Scotland?